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Creolization and Creole communities in the Portugese Atlantic : São Tomé, Cape Verde, the Rivers of Guinea and Central Africa in comparison. A motley company : differing identities among Euro-Africans in eighteenth-century Elmina. Challenges of the African voice: autonomy, commerce, and resistance in Precolonial Western Africa. "Into speyne to selle for slavys" : English, Spanish, and Genoese merchant networks and their involvement with the "Cost of Gwynea" trade before 1550. Dutch trade with Senegambia, Guinea, and Cape Verde, c.1590-1674. The French discovery of Senegal : premises for a policy of selective assimilation. An early Christian church in the Tropics : excavation of the N.a S.a da Conceição, Cidade Velha, Cape Verde. The Dutch in seventeenth-century Senegambia and the emergence of Papiamentu. The emergence of a mixed society in Cape Verde in the seventeenth century. Slavery, society, and the first steps towards an Atlantic revolution in Western Africa (fifteenth-sixteenth centuries). Bartering for slaves on the upper Guinea coast in the early seventeenth century. Everyday commodities, the rivers of Guinea, and the Atlantic world : the Beeswax Export Trade, c.1450-1800. American trade with Cabo Verde and Guine, 1820s-1850s: exploiting the transition form slave to legitimate commerce. "A commanding commercial position" : the African settlement of Bolama Island and Anglo-Portuguese rivalry (1830-1870). "Legitimate" traders, the building of empires, and the long-term after-effects in Africa |
Nantilus
